The Q2 2026 Benchmark shows two important pictures. Working-media efficiency kept improving — TrueAdSpend rose to 45.1%, up +1.8pp from Q1 and the highest level since benchmarking began. Non-viewable inventory fell (13.3% → 10.1%) and IVT held near zero (0.1%). Pricing efficiency, however, moved the other way: CPM increased from $4.27 to $6.09, lifting TrueCPM from $6.47 to $9.03. With quality improving alongside the price rise, the TrueCPM Index eased to 32.6% (–1.3pp) — a marginally more efficient marketplace. Transaction costs rose to 27.2% (+1.3pp), and participation reached a milestone: 85 marketers are now actively contributing data — up 29% from Q1.
The data reinforces a clear conclusion: programmatic efficiency is driven by the ability to actively manage quality, price, measurement, and curate supply at scale, not by traditional transaction cost components.
TrueAdSpend rose to 45.1% at market level. The higher-performing cohort sits at 52.3% while the lower half is at 31.1% — a 21.2pp gap. Both cohorts saw modest declines, but the quality separation persists, driven by media-productivity differences. Notably, 35% of participating marketers now exceed 50% TrueAdSpend, up from 25% in Q1.
At an overall market level, TrueCPM rose to $9.03 with the TrueCPM Index at 32.6%. CPM increased to $6.09, more aligned with the price profile of Q2 2025 showing a higher quality premium than Q1. Between cohorts, the TrueCPM framework captures the true cost of quality that headline CPM alone hides.
The higher-performing cohort converts significantly more spend into media meeting TrueKPI standards. Tighter supply footprints and better measurement coverage eliminate the waste that inflates effective cost — quality management, not cheaper inventory, is what closes the gap.
The cohort gap is driven by measurability, not price. The lower half loses 22.7% of spend to non-measurable inventory versus 10.4% for the higher half — a 12.3pp gap and the single biggest driver of the TrueAdSpend divide. Fixing measurement, not cutting CPMs, is the fastest route to working media.
Headline CPM hides the real cost. The lower cohort's $6.55 CPM looks cheaper than the higher half's $7.90 — yet its TrueCPM is higher ($13.80 vs $11.94). Buying on stated price instead of quality-adjusted cost systematically overpays for impressions that never work.
The Cost Waterfall provides a clear, step-by-step breakdown of how ad spending is allocated and where inefficiencies occur.
Built from reconciled log-level data (LLD) between demand-side platforms (DSPs), ad verification providers and other data feeds. For more detailed findings, register to get free access to the ANA Interactive Benchmark.
Cost Waterfall metrics are calculated in sequence taking averages across advertisers. Agency fees, ad serving fees and managed service fees are not included.
Sequential step-down showing how every $1,000 of total ad spend is allocated across transaction costs, loss of media productivity and TrueAdSpend. Values below each bar are the variations from Q1 2026.
Q2 2026 extends the positive trend in media productivity, with TrueAdSpend rising to 45.1% (+1.8pp). Non-viewable spend fell to 10.1% (–3.2pp) and IVT held near-zero (0.1%), while non-measurable was broadly flat at 16.2%. Transaction costs rose to 27.2% (+1.3pp) as higher DSP Other and SSP fees outweighed lower DSP Platform and Data fees.
TrueAdSpend rose from 43.3% to 45.1%, driven by lower non-measurable inventory and near-elimination of IVT fraud.
Quality — not cost — remains the primary performance driver, consistent with prior findings. Efficiency gains are now coming from better delivery (viewability), not cheaper supply paths.
The Q2 data highlights a split: media quality (measurability, IVT) continued to improve, while pricing efficiency slipped as CPMs recovered — TrueCPM rose to $9.03 and the TrueCPM Index widened to 32.6%. Managing the price of quality is now the key lever alongside supply-quality enforcement.
The Q2 2026 Benchmark confirms a structural performance divide. The higher half achieves 52.3% TrueAdSpend while the lower half reaches just 31.1% — a gap of 21.2pp. Transaction costs differ widely (23.6% vs. 31.4%), but the bigger driver remains media productivity: the higher-half loses 24.1% to quality issues while the lower-half loses 37.5% — more than one and a half times as much. The gap has narrowed slightly, but a clear divide still exists.
Quarterly trend Q1 2025 → Q2 2026 · 21.2pp gap in Q2 2026
| Q1 '25 | Q2 '25 | Q3 '25 | Q4 '25 | Q1 '26 | Q2 '26 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Higher Half TrueAdSpend | 50.7% | 52.5% | 54.8% | 56.7% | 54.0% | 52.3% |
| Lower Half TrueAdSpend | 35.7% | 38.5% | 41.4% | 37.5% | 32.1% | 31.1% |
Higher half outperforms across all quality dimensions
Persistent performance gap: top half converts 68.2% more spend into quality impressions, with both cohorts seeing modest Q2 declines.
Transaction cost gap widens in Q2: lower performers now pay 7.8pp more in transaction costs — an increasingly significant structural disadvantage.
Primary driver: lower performers still lose 56% more spend to low-quality delivery — the core cause of the TrueAdSpend gap.
Lower half carries 2.2× more non-measurable inventory (22.7% vs 10.4%), limiting verification and quality control.
Viewability gap narrows to just 0.8pp (11.8% vs 12.6%) — both cohorts show strong viewability improvement in Q2.
TrueCPM gap narrows dramatically in Q2: a $1.35 CPM difference becomes a $1.86 TrueCPM gap — down from $11.58 in Q1, reflecting significant quality convergence.
Better outcomes come from focus: top performers use a more concentrated supply set (46,516 vs 65,412 domains), reducing exposure to low-quality inventory.
Higher-performing advertisers consistently operate with significantly more concentrated supply footprints (46,516 domains/apps vs. 65,412 for the lower half). Although they maintain similar levels of private marketplace deals, the upper cohort demonstrates a clear preference for inventory that can be measured for viewability and verified for quality.
The lower-performing cohort remains distributed across a broader supply base, with correspondingly higher exposure to non-measurable inventory. The 12.3pp gap in non-measurable rates (10.4% vs. 22.7%) between cohorts remains the primary driver of the TrueAdSpend divide.
From Q1 to Q2, both cohorts saw modest TrueAdSpend declines — from 54.0% to 52.3% for the higher-half and from 32.1% to 31.1% for the lower-half. Both cohorts improve on non-viewable rates, but the lower half continues to struggle with non-measurable exposure.
For top performers, non-viewable dropped to 11.8% and non-measurable to 10.4% — both strong metrics. For the lower-half, non-measurable remains elevated at 22.7%, and non-viewable sits at 12.6%. Combined, these two quality issues account for 35.3% of lower-half spend.
Every cost line — Q2 Lower Half vs. Q2 Higher Half with variation
| Metric | Q2 Low (Lower Half) | Q2 High (Higher Half) | Variation |
|---|---|---|---|
| CPM Efficiency | |||
| CPM Average | $6.55 | $7.90 | +$1.35 |
| TrueCPM | $13.80 | $11.94 | –$1.86 |
| TrueCPM Opportunity | $6.69 | $4.96 | –$1.73 |
| Transaction Costs | |||
| Total Transaction Costs | 31.4% | 23.6% | –7.8pp |
| DSP Platform Cost | 8.2% | 6.6% | –1.6pp |
| DSP Data Cost | 5.0% | 3.4% | –1.6pp |
| DSP Other Cost | 4.5% | 4.3% | –0.2pp |
| SSP Platform Costs | 11.8% | 12.8% | +1.0pp |
| Media Productivity Loss | |||
| Total Media Productivity Loss | 37.5% | 24.1% | –13.4pp |
| IVT Cost | 0.2% | 0.5% | +0.3pp |
| Non-Measurable | 22.7% | 10.4% | –12.3pp |
| Non-Viewable | 12.6% | 11.8% | –0.8pp |
| MFA | 0.8% | 1.1% | +0.3pp |
| TrueAdSpend | 31.1% | 52.3% | +21.2pp |
| Supply Chain | |||
| Unique Domains & Apps | 65,412 | 46,516 | –18,896 |
| PMP Ad Spend | 62.2% | 61.1% | –1.1pp |
| Brand Risk Low | 97.5% | 99.4% | +1.9pp |
The TrueAdSpend Index measures the percentage of total advertising spend that results in high-quality impressions — those that are measurable, viewable, fraud-free, and non-MFA.
It shows how much budget actually delivers real value, helping advertisers understand efficiency by comparing total spend against spend that reaches meaningful, effective media outcomes.
Stacked view of Transaction Costs, Loss of Media Productivity and TrueAdSpend — 2024 baseline through Q2 2026
| Q1 '25 | Q2 '25 | Q3 '25 | Q4 '25 | Q1 '26 | Q2 '26 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Transaction Costs | 26.1% | 25.2% | 23.8% | 23.7% | 25.9% | 27.2% |
| Loss of Media Productivity | 32.9% | 37.8% | 37.2% | 40.1% | 30.8% | 27.7% |
| TrueAdSpend (Seller) | 41.0% | 37.0% | 39.0% | 36.3% | 43.3% | 45.1% |
Q2 2026 continues the upward trajectory, with TrueAdSpend reaching 45.1% — the highest level since 2025 benchmarks extending the strong Q1 trajectory.
The data trend shows a clear long-term improvement in efficiency driven by better quality, but with short-term volatility — particularly in 2025 — reinforcing that sustained gains depend on consistent supply quality management and execution.
Quality improvements drive long-term gains: Loss of Media Productivity improved significantly from 35.0% (2023) to 26.3% (2024), deteriorated through 2025 (peaking at 40.1% in Q4), then recovered to 30.8% in Q1 2026 and improved further to 27.7% in Q2 2026, highlighting a consistent recovery in media quality.
The TrueCPM Index measures the gap between standard CPM and TrueCPM, showing how much more advertisers pay for quality impressions versus average impressions.
Expressed as a percentage, it quantifies inefficiency in media buying and highlights the premium paid for impressions that are fraud-free, measurable, viewable, and non-MFA.
CPM vs. TrueCPM and the improving efficiency index. Price points peaked in Q4 2025, eased in Q1 2026, then returned closer to typical levels in Q2.
| Q1 '25 | Q2 '25 | Q3 '25 | Q4 '25 | Q1 '26 | Q2 '26 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TrueCPM | $9.04 | $8.64 | $9.56 | $12.77 | $6.47 | $9.03 |
| TrueCPM Index | 37.8% | 36.5% | 39.9% | 44.6% | 33.9% | 32.6% |
| CPM | $5.62 | $5.48 | $5.74 | $7.08 | $4.27 | $6.09 |
| Total Ad Spend | $242M | $146M | $142M | $142M | $160M | ~$176M |
Q2 2026 pricing normalized after the Q1 low. As demand firmed, CPM moved to $6.09 and TrueCPM to $9.03, while the TrueCPM Index eased to 32.6% (–1.3pp) — a slightly narrower quality premium and the most efficient reading in the tracked period. The index remains below the Q4 2025 peak (44.6%), but the Q1 low did not hold.
2025 was characterized by mounting cost pressure and widening inefficiencies, culminating in Q4. Q2 2026 showed a two-sided picture — working-media efficiency kept improving (TrueAdSpend reached 45.1%, the highest in the tracked period) while pricing pressure returned as CPMs recovered from the Q1 dip. The structural driver remains a growing cohort of high-performing advertisers raising the benchmark floor through better supply-path optimization and measurement.
For deeper analytics and findings, the ANA Interactive Benchmark allows filtering by environments, marketplaces, time periods, distributions by quartiles and trends-over-time.
Q2 2026 marks a milestone in benchmark scale: participating marketers reached 105 — up 22% from Q1 — and active contributors grew to 85, up 29%. Channel allocation stayed balanced, with CTV at 41.6%, Web at 39.0%, and Mobile at 15.6% of ad spend. CPM increased fractionally across environments, with CTV CPM at $19.97, Web at $4.30 and Mobile at $5.23, aligned closely with Q3 2025. The market continues to grow in both scale and analytical depth.
CTV, Web & Mobile share — Q1 2025 to Q2 2026
| Q1 '25 | Q2 '25 | Q3 '25 | Q4 '25 | Q1 '26 | Q2 '26 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CTV | 30.4% | 44.2% | 45.6% | 40.2% | 46.0% | 41.6% |
| Web | 54.9% | 42.4% | 43.4% | 49.7% | 40.9% | 39.0% |
| Mobile | 11.1% | 11.0% | 8.2% | 8.4% | 10.5% | 15.6% |
Participating & Active Marketers per quarter
| Q1 '25 | Q2 '25 | Q3 '25 | Q4 '25 | Q1 '26 | Q2 '26 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Participating Marketers | 39 | 39 | 39 | 54 | 86 | 105 |
| Active Marketers | 23 | 21 | 21 | 35 | 66 | 85 |
After leading in Q1, CTV eased to 41.6% and web slipped to 39.0%, while mobile jumped to 15.6% (from 10.5% in Q1) though CTV remains the largest environment. These patterns point to a maturing ecosystem where advertisers are constantly rebalancing between environments while maintaining a strong structural preference for improved media quality and associated supply paths.
Overall CPM sat at to $6.09 in Q2, with small increases across CTV, web and mobile as pricing normalized. The rebound was broad-based across environments and deal types.
CTV, Web, Mobile — Q2 2025 through Q2 2026
| Q2 '25 | Q3 '25 | Q4 '25 | Q1 '26 | Q2 '26 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CTV | $19.18 | $20.98 | $19.34 | $19.02 | $19.97 |
| Web | $5.71 | $5.67 | $4.67 | $3.88 | $4.30 |
| Mobile | $4.70 | $4.01 | $5.53 | $1.62 | $5.23 |
Scale, spend and CPM trends — Q1 2025 through Q2 2026
| Metric | Q1 2025 | Q2 2025 | Q3 2025 | Q4 2025 | Q1 2026 | Q2 2026 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Participants | ||||||
| Timeframe | Nov–Mar | Apr–Jun | Jul–Sep | Oct–Dec | Jan–Mar | Apr–Jun |
| Participating Marketers | 39 | 39 | 39 | 54 | 86 | 105 |
| Active Marketers | 23 | 21 | 21 | 35 | 66 | 85 |
| Total Impressions | 41.9B | 18.6B | 17.5B | 16.7B | 20.9B | 23.8B |
| Total Ad Spend | $242M | $146M | $142M | $142M | $160M | $176M |
| Monthly Ad Spend | $48M | $49M | $47M | $47M | $53M | $59M |
| CPM | ||||||
| CPM Total | $3.74 | $5.81 | $6.86 | $5.55 | $4.42 | $6.09 |
| CPM PMP | $5.83 | $7.15 | $9.88 | $8.49 | $7.77 | $8.83 |
| CPM OMP | $2.75 | $4.41 | $3.55 | $4.29 | $3.58 | $4.13 |
Transaction costs rose to 27.2% (+1.3pp) this quarter — lower DSP Platform and Data fees offset a rise in DSP Other Costs and the SSP fee. Request an itemized breakdown of every fee line in your supply chain, challenge cost components that cannot be explained, and consider direct supplier contracts with log-level data (LLD) access to verify where every dollar goes.
Non-measurable inventory is now the #1 media productivity problem: the lower-performing half loses 22.7% of spend to it versus 10.4% for the higher half — a 12.3pp gap. Prioritize publishers that accept verification tags and apps supporting open measurement, and shift budget away from paths where quality cannot be verified.
Higher-performing marketers used 46,516 unique domains & apps versus 65,412 for the lower half — roughly 19,000 fewer, better-vetted properties. Build and maintain inclusion lists rather than exclusion lists, evaluate the value each domain delivers against the risk it represents, and treat every supply path as an optimization opportunity.
The TrueCPM gap collapsed from $11.58 in Q1 to $1.86 in Q2: a $1.35 CPM difference between cohorts now translates into nearly the same effective cost of quality. Evaluate media buys on quality-adjusted cost — TrueCPM versus stated CPM — not headline CPM alone. Cheap inventory that fails quality checks is the most expensive media you can buy.
CTV reached 41.6% of tracked ad spend — the largest environment in the Benchmark. Build an acceptance framework for CTV sellers and platforms: verify Open Measurement (OM) SDK support, transact through app-ads.txt-compliant supply, favor private marketplaces and direct paths, and demand measurement transparency before scaling spend.
IVT cost (0.1%) and MFA (1.3%) are near historic lows — but only because of continuous detection and filtering. Keep pre-bid and post-bid IVT tools active and audit MFA exposure quarterly; these gains reverse quickly when attention moves elsewhere.
Use these questions in your next agency review to turn the Benchmark findings into accountability.